Month: October 2025

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  • Month: October 2025

Post-Quantum Cryptography: Implications for Banking, Critical Infrastructure, and the European Digital Ecosystem — A Practitioner’s Analysis

Abstract The finalization of the NIST post-quantum cryptography standards (FIPS 203, 204, 205) in August 2024, followed by the selection of HQC as a fifth algorithm in March 2025, marks the beginning of a fundamental transformation in the global cryptographic landscape. This article provides a comprehensive practitioner’s analysis of what this transition means for three

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Connecting strongSwan to FortiGate with PSK + XAuth + TOTP (2FA)

A deep-dive from the Safebyte Consulting lab Article by: Teodor Lupan At Safebyte Consulting we often integrate Linux systems into enterprise VPN infrastructures as part of our security assignments like security audits or pentests. During a recent project connecting Kali Linux (strongSwan) to FortiGate gateways that enforce PSK + XAuth + TOTP (2FA), we implemented

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